Physical And Cognitive Values Of The Aging Process Essay

Life Review In this paper, aging will be analyzed and evaluated by many topics that are involved in the aging process. J.S. is an elderly woman with information and insight about the aging process as she explains her own life experiences. The topics to be discussed are biological information, biological theory, sociological theory, risk factors, interventions, communication techniques, and self-reflection. The analysis and evaluation of J.S.’s aging process will explore the physical and cognitive values of elders in the modern era. Biological Information J.S. is a Caucasian woman. She appears to be her reported age of 88. Her sexually development is appropriate for her gender. She was alert and oriented throughout the discussion. There were no signs of acute distress. Height and weight seemed to be within normal range. Body parts were equal bilaterally. She could not stand well, but sits comfortably. Gait is very poor and needs mobile wheelchair to move around. Full mobility of upper joints and poor mobility with lower joints. She maintain eye contact throughout the discussion. She was comfortable and cooperative with any question that was asked. Her speech was clear and clothing was appropriate from temperature. She appeared well-groomed and clean. Client’s Life J.S. was born in Mason Michigan February 2, 1928. She is the baby of five children and moved to Battle Creek at a very young age. The farm house she grew up in had no electric or water. Her father worked duringShow MoreRelatedThe World Population Is Evolving Ageing And Cognitive Impairment ( Ci ) Is A Fast Growing Problem1722 Words   |  7 Pagesbeyond 60 years old depends, in large part, on maintaining a level of cognitive ability that allows a person to continue to interact effectively and appropriately with the environment. Cognitive decline is becoming a more prevalent, frightening, and expensive personal and social problem – but a problem that companies can more effectively address with innovative products and services. The world population is rapidly ageing and cognitive impairment (CI) is a fast growing problem Cognition is the integrationRead MoreThe Psychological Development Of A Person Who Is Advanced1562 Words   |  7 Pagesperson who is advanced in years, it is imperative that his cognitive development be assessed. This is especially essential to understand of the course of a person’s development throughout their life. 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Cognitive function declines affecting memory, decisionRead MoreThe Psychological Effects of Going Through Cosmetic Surgery1486 Words   |  6 Pagespsychologically healthy are request for repeated procedures, social isolation, depression, self harm behaviors and anger towards the surgeon and the staff involved (Goin Ann, 1991). The psychological outcomes for different procedures vary. For example aging women who have undergone a breast augmentation mammaplasty had high levels of overall satisfaction and were reported to have enhanced self esteem, social confidence, and satisfaction with their body image. Whereas patients who have undergone a rhinoplastyRead MoreLate Adulthood And Death Of An Individual Across The Life Span Development Process1474 Words   |  6 Pageslifestyle diet can assist in the prevention of developing heart disease. In this paper I will examine late adulthood and dea th of an individual across the life span development process. Discuss ageism and stereotypes, evaluated how an individual can promote ones health and wellness to mitigate the negative effects of aging, Analyze the importance of relationships and social interactions nearing the end of life. Finally I will identify cultural and personal attitudes related to death and dignity in

Nature of Educational Psychology - 3596 Words

CHAPTER NO 1: NATURE OF EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY MEANING OF PSYCHOLOGY The word â€Å"psychology† comes form the Greek word (Psyche mean Soul, Logos mean Science), thus the meaning of Psychology is the science of soul. EDUCATION AND PSYCHOLOGY Education in the narrow sense is the modification of behaviour of children in a controlled environment. To shape the behaviour of the subject and bring some positive or negative changes, it is necessary to study the science of behaviour. The developmental stages and characteristics of children are very essential factors from which the teacher must aware in order to be a successful teacher. If the teacher has no knowledge of children psychology, how can we expect from him that he would†¦show more content†¦3) THE LEARNING PROCESSES. Educational Psychology deals with the nature of learning and how it takes place and contains the topics such as laws, principles and theories of learning, remembering and forgetting, perceiving, concept of formation, thinking and reasoning process, problem solving, transfer of training, ways and means of effective learning etc. 4) LEARNING SITUATION OR ENVIRONMENT Educational Psychology has the subject matter dealing with the environmental factors and learning situations which come midway between the learner and the teacher. Topic like classroom climate and group dynamics techniques and aids which facilitate learning, evaluation, techniques and practice, guidance and counseling etc. 5) TEACHER Last but not the least is the teacher. He is a potent force in any scheme of teaching and learning. It emphasizes the need of knowing the self for a teacher to play his role properly in the process of education. It discusses his conflicts, motivation, anxiety, adjustment, level of aspiration etc. Moreover it throws light on the essential personality traits, interests, aptitudes, characteristics of effective teaching etc so as to inspire him to become a successful teacher. HOW IS PSYCHOLOGY USED IN THE CLASS ROOM? Psychology is the study of behavior. Educational psychology is an attempt to apply the psychological principles,Show MoreRelatedThe Field Of Educational Psychology856 Words   |  4 PagesSnowman, Jack (1997) defined educational psychology as a branch of psychology concerned with the scientific study of human learning. The study of learning processes, from both cognitive and behavioral perspectives, allows researchers to understand individual differences in intelligence, cognitive development, affect, motivation, self-regulation, and self-concept, as well as their role in learning. The field of educational psychology relies heavily on quantitative methods, including testing and measurementRead MoreThe Primary Focus Of Educational Psychology765 Words   |  4 Pages The primary focus of Educational Psychology is learning. When most people think of education, they have a tendency to focus on early childhood, but Educational Psychology focuse s on the entire lifespan. Learning is an ongoing process in which development, behaviors and cognition can greatly affect an individual. Ensuring a proper academic foundation is key to aiding on ones developmental success. There are many factors that play into a child’s educational achievement such as pre-natal developmentRead MoreMy Paper On Is Educational Psychology1545 Words   |  7 Pages The topic pertinent to psychology that i chose to do my paper on is educational psychology. Educational psychology is the study of how humans learn and retain knowledge, primarily in educational settings like classrooms. 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A Comparative Biography of Jesus in The Qur’an The Bible Free Essays

Jesus has been divinized a significant person in both Islam and Christianity. The Qur’an and the Bible, as the main sources of the information about Jesus respectively in Islam and Christianity, has contained the biographical narrations of Jesus, covering his life and death. Both similarities and differences can be found in the Qur’an and the Bible about the narrations of Jesus’ life. We will write a custom essay sample on A Comparative Biography of Jesus in The Qur’an The Bible or any similar topic only for you Order Now This essay will provide a comparative biography of this noble Messenger of God in the Qur’an and the Bible.  ·Ã‚  Ã‚   In both the Qur’an and the Bible, Jesus is narrated as having had an extraordinary birth. The extraordinariness of the birth of Jesus can be mainly reflected from his biological mother being a virgin. Muslims and Christians both believe that a chaste, virgin woman called Mary miraculously gave birth to the male baby, Jesus before marrying her fiancà ©, Joseph. Evidence can be found in the Qur’an and the Bible about the startling birth of Jesus. As the Qur’an says, â€Å"she (Mary) said: ‘O my Lord! How shall I have a son when no man has touched me.’ (Qur’an 3: 47) Similarly, Christians also believe that when Mary was married to a man called Joseph, while she was a virgin. According to the narration in the Bible, Joseph â€Å"kept her virgin until she gave birth to a Son; and he called His name Jesus.† (Bible: Matthew 1:25)  ·Ã‚  Ã‚   Both Muslims and Christians believe Jesus is a Messenger of God. According to Qur’an, belief in the Messengership of Jesus is one fundamental criterion to judge the true identity of a Muslim. As it is narrated with respect to the Messengership in the Quran, â€Å"the Messiah (Jesus), son of Mary, was no more than a Messenger before whom many Messengers have passed away; and his mother adhered wholly to truthfulness, and they both ate food (as other mortals do).† (Qur’an 5:75). Most Christians believe in the Divinity of Jesus and consider him as the second member of the Triune God, the Son of the first part of the Triune God, who assigned by God to perform certain holy mission. As it is narrated in the Bible, â€Å"and now, Lord, look upon their threats, and grant to thy servants to speak thy word with all boldness, while thou stretches out thy hand to heal, and sign and wonders are performed through the name of thy holy servant Jesus.† (Bible: Acts 4: 30). However, coexisting with the aforementioned similarities are some divergences of Muslims and Christians’ beliefs in term of the biography of Jesus in the Qur’an and the Bible. Two most representative ones are whether or not Jesus was the son of God as well as the crucifixion and resurrection of Jesus. How to cite A Comparative Biography of Jesus in The Qur’an The Bible, Papers

Effectiveness of Social Media Marketing

Question: Analysethe effectiveness of social media marketing. Answer: Introduction The article will analyze the effectiveness of social media marketing. The brand awareness and how it would be successfully generated will be discussed. The analysis will be done to achieve the required analysis and results. The qualitative method shall be utilized to identify the characteristics of the research (Maloney, 2012). The methods will also discuss the nature and quality of variables, reasons and trends. It would help to evaluate the problem or a specific glory to illustrate data. The aim of the research will be to discuss, analyze and evaluate the features and dimensions of the glory in a certain framework (Zhang, 2013). Data collection is needed to critically analyze the reasons and factors those control the problem. Qualitative analysis always focuses on giving quality output. The main idea behind the research was to justify the answers by quality analysis. Organization of the study Australian Bitter is an organization taken for the analysis. Their recent data are taken to effectively discuss the relevance. The study has met the requirements of the area of concern. The survey techniques are also used to demonstrate the approach more qualitatively. The recent data and profit level of these companies have been taken. The number of accounts and the usage time has been taken into consideration (Zhang, 2013). Several statistical packages have been applied for generating the result. The data have been taken by communication methods and the relevant data are taken by filtering process. Figure 1: Sponsoring Australian Cricket team Research Aim The aim of the research will be to discuss, analyze and evaluate the reasons and dimensions of the phenomenon in a specific method. Data collection is needed to critically analyze the reasons and factors those control the problem. Qualitative analysis always focuses on giving quality output. The main idea behind the research was to justify the answers by quality analysis. On the other hand, quantitative method is incorporated through primary data and secondary data analysis. These data were first filtered and then the best data are selected for analysis. Statistical packages are used for giving the result more dimension and truth. Formulas are used so that one can justify the results. The factorial analysis would help to draw a generalized conclusion (Rina, 2014). Research Objectives To study the efficiency of an Australian Bitter and its effectiveness through social media campaigning To analyze the importance of social media for launching the new media in social network To investigate the effectiveness of marketing and branding of the new introduction To analyze the importance of brand promotions for a new item introduced by Australian Bitter To scale the target audience for the new social media To predict the viability of the market To know how much the new social media can cater to the mass To generate an awareness and a fan community Research Questions What are the focus areas for growing a new product in social media? What are effects can be made by a new type of product in social media? How much a new medium can help a product of Australian bitter to connect to the mass? What is the knowledge required for developing social media ad for VB? How creativity and product development is related? What are various approaches can be used for introducing a new concept of social media? How a brand is created by the social media system? How much it takes to adapt to the existing market for a new product. Justification and potential output of the research project The research project is taken, as this topic is very relevant currently. The data analysis is done as the propaganda of many companies. The analysis can find the outcomes that would help the organizations for getting a clear image of how the media is helping them to create brand awareness. To develop a brand many firms are taking help of social sites. It is fast becoming a current trend (Creswell, 2013). The trend has justified it in every standard. The standards of promotions have now been more effective. The enterprises are doing more ads digitally. The emergence of digital media has a role to play in the current trend of Social media. The company like Australian Bitter is trying hard to influence the audiences. Several companies are also tying with them to display their products and services to the large audiences. There are 4.5 millions of people buy Australian Bitter (Creswell, 2013). The social networking organizations charge huge amount of money from the organizations to float their commercials in social sites. The potential output of the research topic is more prevalent nowadays. The output would answer lot of queries. The viewpoints of people and the companies can be understood from the research result. The relevance of the topic can give concrete advantage to the people stick to it (Maloney, 2012). Conceptual framework In short, from the above discussion it can be said that social media organizations have significant role in the development of creative market. The paper has reviewed several articles in order to reflect the idea of product development. The role of media has always been unquestionable. It has always given a huge inspiration to the area of product development and brand awareness. It has been found that the innovation is the key tool for developing a new product (Creswell, 2013). However, in has reviewed the performance of VB sized in various countries. It has also developed ideas on the way in which the enterprises can affect the creativity of the market. It has been found that social mediums have significant role in developing the brand image. The brand image can be made only after the company is visible well to the audiences. The companies like Australian Bitter are trying hard to influence the audiences. VB is also tying with them to display their products and services to the large audiences. There are 4.5 millions of people are loyal to Australian Bitter. The social networking organizations charge huge amount of money from the organizations to float their commercials in social sites. Nowadays Australian Bitter appears in every list of top ten fastest growing companies in the world. The framework they use to cater to the larger mass is very simple (Rosca, 2013). They have maintained simple approach for entering the household of common people. People all around the earth are now focusing on the social sites for anything. The useful methods are very common so that everyone can enjoy the benefits. The growing number of audiences and account opening has given the organizations like Australian Bitter a huge advantage in the market. The features and options have helped these networking sites to capture the interest of the mass. Earlier work forces were used to promote any brand and to create awareness. It used to take a lot of money from the company. If the process failed, the cost could lead the company to bankruptcy. Now the firms just only need to put their ads on any networking sites. They are now depending only on the media people for this work. For arranging the task and program, they are acquiring the service of handful of people within the organization. It has made enormous change in the cost structure of the company. They now invest less in brand promotions but attain larger benefits. Now the companies appoint role specific executives for promotions of their brand. These people use media tools and social medium to engage the customers to their product. They even create Australian Bitter web page for attaining viewership. It has given profits to the organizations in recent years. Research hypotheses H0: Creativity and social media marketing do not have any relations between them H1: Creativity and social media marketing have relations between them H0: Social media marketing is not effective for creating brand awareness H1: Social media marketing is effective for creating brand awareness Methodology The approach will be used through the qualitative method, along with quantitative method to analyze the crisis. A systematic analysis is needed to clarify the content that is appropriate for the research along with an easy entry. The analysis will be done to achieve the desired target and results. The qualitative method shall be utilized to identify the characteristics of the research. The methods will also discuss the nature and quality of variables, causes and trends. It will assist to address the problem or a specific glory to illustrate data (Raut, 2013). The aim of the research will be to investigate, analyze and evaluate the characteristics and dimensions of the phenomenon in a definite method. Data collection is needed to critically analyze the causes and factors those track the crisis. Qualitative research always focuses on giving quality output. The main idea behind the research was to justify the answers by quality analysis. On the other hand, quantitative method is incorpo rated through primary data and secondary data analysis. These data were first filtered and then the best data are selected for analysis. Statistical packages are used for giving the result more dimension and truth. Formulas are used so that one can justify the results. The factorial analysis would help to draw a generalized conclusion (Junco, 2012). The research methodology in the proposed research will be based on searching available literature. It will include quantitative data and qualitative methods to conduct the required analysis of the subject. The recommendation to the status quo would be done accordingly. Dependable and independent variables are taken to analyze the case better. Dependent variables are those which depends on certain parameters. Here the dependable variable can be the promotional tools for the product. The product is depending on the promotions and ads to get the viewership. If the ads can generate public interest then the product would sell. A product cannot attract customers on its own; it has to get the back up from the participants. On the other hand, independent variables are the ones, which depend on its own. These ones are having certain qualities to attain the audiences. The quality is an independent variable. A quality ad can always find the viewers in any circumstances. They can attract custome rs instantly. They do not depend on other things. Survey Method The survey is a method or technique to collect data and information on the subject issue. It can be taken by asking questions on a range of individuals or by a particular structure. It will look to the needed change and clarify the situation for initiating results. The recommendations would contribute to resolve the phenomenon (Fischer, 2015). Interviews Questions concerning the problem related to be gathered through personal interviews, e-mails, phone calls and customer focus groups. The design of the questionnaire form will follow several following steps. The theory-oriented questions should be clear, crisp and short Questions should be related to the targeted subject. The interviewer would need to ask the questions sequentially. Questions should reveal the sincerity of the answer. The questionnaire form should be verified by supervisors Questions should be free flowing. Testing part and sample part adjustments should be done if needed. The collected data that shall be displayed analyzed and interpreted by the obtained results. In case some of the forms were not filled or did not meet the research objectives should not be taken into consideration. The research shall include main objectives, statement of the relative importance, and descriptive statement about the vocabulary. Vocabulary will be subject to the conducted research. They together with the nature of the data that is collected will be needed. The style used in the assembly, the time to complete the survey shall be as per the purposed timetable. The detailed results need to include the initiatives and recommendations. These recommendations should base on key findings. The research shall apply the qualitative method to investigate the present situation. The research should always explore creative industries to generalize the findings. These findings need to find the potential growth, strength, development strategy and generate ideas for improving the quality of the result. The qualitative methodology shall be applied to illustrate the statistical contents. It will help to generate the findings. It would help to contribute in building the qualitative analysis over the assembled quantitative data. The research was done through one on one interview method. Equal importance was given to each questions and time limit was mentioned. The interviewer gave ample opportunities to the people to speak about what they think (Creswell, 2013). Limitation of the research The research could face some obstacles in collecting the required data. It is because some terminologies could be unknown. It should be translated to match the official authoritys language (Junco, 2012). Moreover, lack of official statistics related to the economic sectors in the state. Nevertheless, due to some diligence to represent a transparent understanding of the phenomenon it will be stated. The outcome will be reflected in the proposed research. The research has lacked in one particular area. The area is the relevance of the comments given by the sample people. The research was conducted in one or two particular areas. Therefore, it cannot give guaranty of the understanding and thoughts of people around the globe. It is impossible to generate data from every networking site, as there are some millions of networking sites growing day by day. The people and their activities have outnumbered many previous data programs. The supervisor and the data collection team cannot move aro und every area of the globe. Therefore, what the audiences in Africa or Asia think in this regard is hard to justify (Amelina, 2012). However, the data has given some knowledge about the whole outcome. There are many permutation combination can be formed by the sample data. A large set of data cannot always justify the answers and analysis. Therefore, a small but filtered data set is much useful to generate proper answers and findings of the topic. Analysis From the given literature, some analysis can be taken. The analysis can be a window for others to marketers to only to present products but to the customers also. The benefits from the above literature are, It can be a cost effective method to campaign through social sites for Australian Bitter. By doing so, the brand can cater to a larger audience. The world is now a global market place. Social media has been a platform where the brand can put his or her newly launched product to display to everyone. The involvement of media can regulate the segmentation clearly. The brand can take their newly launched product to the people they want to target. Various media types and communication systems should make a community. Making a community can give the brand a stronghold and they justify their product to others The sizable amount and volume of social circle and media nowadays has given an upright helping hand to the brands The brand should update their products and they should always make their customers feel that they are continuously with them. Togetherness often helps to bridge the gap. From the analysis we can find the effectiveness of social networking sites for brand awareness Conclusion The study of the subject has given a perfect insight on how to launch a new product to the market. The product should try to influence the customer in such a way that the customer can understand what the product is telling. The features and specialties should be there. In this regard, the social media tools are very effective. These tools can generate customer awareness. The medium has been a revolution in the modern times. It has highly demonstrated the effectiveness of the concept. The customers try to find the required data so the new product should be specific about the effective contents in it. Effective policy guidance and developing capacity building equipments are required to support convert local talent into crucial mechanism for creative industry and able to augment the sustainable employment; growth of the economy. It plays a crucial role in forming the development strategies, as growth in this industry is resulting into reduction in unemployment rate. Social media operate s in the creative industry. The portals and websites have merged the gap between the people. The reach has been more in these days. More and more people can get the details at one go (Bryman, 2015). The modern day leaders are depending on the social media and they are trying to involve their activities in this area more than before. The products of the creative industry require new ideas; creation; production and distribution. The distribution channel needs to be smart enough to enter any possible market place to sell the product. Product ornamentation should be specific and detailed. In this way, the new product can be categorized. The media concept especially the virtual media like social media has helped to organize the service method in a more constructive way. GANNT Chart The table timeline Task Name Start Day End Day Duration Project Proposal 19/08/2015 31/08/2015 12 Literature Review 1/09/2015 17/11/2015 78 Data Collection 18/11/2015 18/01/2016 60 Data Analysis 19/01/2016 17/02/2016 30 Final Report 18/02/2016 20/03/2016 31 Project Budget Purpose Estimated Amount to be spent Literature Review $1500 Data Collection $2500 Data Analysis $2000 Total Budget $6000 Budget Summary It is seen that the literature review portion is taking an amount of $1500. The online resources that are taken are not free of cost. The amount and the time duration show how long it has taken to complete. The data collection should be precise. To make the work purposefully the approach had to be structured. The travelling cost and the total expenditure is totaled. The total amount is showing $2500. Data analysis part is bit difficult (Junco, 2012). Data analysts were recruited for this purpose. They took a sizable amount to analyze the data. Software packages were bought for analysis. It is time taking and laborious job. It took around one month. The amount it took was $2000. Therefore, the total budget comes around $6000. References Amelina, A. (Ed.). (2012).Beyond methodological nationalism: Research methodologies for cross-border studies(Vol. 24). Bryman, A. (2015).Social research methods. Oxford university press. Cermak, R., Reznicek, V. (2014, November). The Implications of Visualization of Information on Marketing Management. InEuropean Conference on Management, Leadership Governance(p. 410). Academic Conferences International Limited. Cohen, L., Manion, L., Morrison, K. (2013).Research methods in education. Creswell, J. W. (2013).Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches. Sage publications. Ellison, N. B., Vitak, J., Gray, R., Lampe, C. (2014). Cultivating social resources on social network sites: Australian Bitter relationship maintenance behaviors and their role in social capital processes.Journal of Computer Mediated Communication,19(4), 855-870. Fischer, M. (2015). Kommunikationsmanagement I (6 LP). Junco, R. (2012). Too much face and not enough books: The relationship between multiple indices of Australian Bitter use and academic performance.Computers in Human Behavior,28(1), 187-198. Khandelwal, U., Yadav, S. K. (2014). Green Marketing and Sustainable Development: Marketing Professionals Attitude Towards Green Marketing.International Journal of Marketing Business Communication,3(1). Maloney, K. (2012).Interactive Marketing Strategies in Television Networks: Incorporating Satellite Media Tours in Twitter(Doctoral dissertation, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo). Mertens, D. M. (2014).Research and Evaluation in Education and Psychology: Integrating Diversity With Quantitative, Qualitative, and Mixed Methods: Integrating Diversity With Quantitative, Qualitative, and Mixed Methods. Sage Publications. Petty, N. J., Thomson, O. P., Stew, G. (2012). Ready for a paradigm shift? Part 2: Introducing qualitative research methodologies and methods.Manual therapy,17(5), 378-384. Raut, B. (2013). Marketing Planning: Feeniks Koulu. Rina, A. W. (2014). Analisis Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Purchase Intention Melalui Social Media Marketing Terhadap Produk Frozen Yogurt Sour Sally di Surabaya. Robson, C., McCartan, K. (2016).Real world research. Wiley. Rosca, V. (2013). Systemic Relationship Marketing: Co-creating Sports Brand Equity with Fans and Other Stakeholders.Revista de Management Comparat International,14(3), 490. Rudolph, F. (2013). Successful Fashion and Lifestyle Blogs-The Business, Marketing and Benefits. Takhar-Lail, A., Ghorbani, A. (2015). Market Research Methodologies: Multi-Method and Qualitative. Toedt, M. (2013).Big DataChallenges for the Hospitality Industry. epubli. Wang, C., Karimi, S. (2014, July). Differences between social media and regulatory databases in adverse drug reaction discovery. InProceedings of the first international workshop on Social media retrieval and analysis(pp. 13-14). ACM. Yin, R. K. (2013).Case study research: Design and methods. Sage publications. Young, A. (2014). Google and Australian Bitter. InBrand Media Strategy(pp. 7-14). Palgrave Macmillan US. Zander, J., Mosterman, P. J. (2012, December). Technical engine for democratization of modeling, simulations, and predictions. InSimulation Conference (WSC), Proceedings of the 2012 Winter(pp. 1-14). IEEE. Zhang, Y. (2013). Urban metabolism: a review of research methodologies.Environmental pollution,178, 463-473.

Re Assingment Essays - Abortion In The United States, Abortion

Re Assingment Making the decision to terminate a pregnancy or to bring a fetus to term is by far the most wrenching experience I've ever had. The right to choose is not a luxury; it is a responsibility that demands intense introspection and awareness. S. Boyd It is equally as heinous intentionally to kill a human being in existence at fertilization, as to kill a larger pre-born child. Nellie Gray. There are really two, different, very active abortion questions: to do nothing, have the baby and raise it herself (hopefully with help from others). to do nothing, have the baby and give it up for adoption to have an abortion. If a woman finds herself pregnant, she should discuss her options with her physician or counselor, and should decide to have an abortion, should the state override her decision and prevent her from having an abortion? The first decision is a personal one, between the woman, her physician and/or counselor. The second decision is the answere by the U.S. Supreme Court if she has the right to obtain an abortion. It is in this second area where there is a great deal of political activity, at least in the U.S. In the United States, women choose to end about 25% of their pregnancies through abortion. This number has been gradually declining since 1979. This is similar to the Canadian figure of 21%, but is much lower than that of the former Soviet Union (60%) and Romania (78%) where contraceptives are in short supply. Opposing beliefs: A social consensus exists among pro-lifers and pro-choicers that when human personhood starts the person must be protected. Many religions, organizations and individuals have passionately held but conflicting beliefs about when this happens. This naturally leads to opposing policies on whether a woman should have access to abortion. In spite of what the media might say, this struggle cannot be reduced to a simple pro-choice vs. pro-life conflict. There are people within each side who take many slightly different positions. The objectives of both groups are the same: to reduce the number of abortions, and to make any needed abortions safe. However, they have very different methods of achieving their goals, and they have seperate beliefs about which abortions are justifiable. They are both unable to cooperate. That is, in their opinion, a pity. With the energy, knowledge and ability that each side has, they could make major reductions in the abortion rate if they were able to collaborate. Therefore after thorogh research and natural belief, I believe that no one is allowed to have an abortion in any circumstance, no matter what the case maybe. Religion Essays

Clovis, Founder of the Merovingian Dynasty

Clovis, Founder of the Merovingian Dynasty Frankish King Clovis (466-511) was the First Merovingian. Fast Facts: Clovis Known For: Uniting several Frankish factions and founding the Merovingian dynasty of kings.  Clovis defeated the last Roman ruler in Gaul and conquered various Germanic peoples in what is today France. His conversion to Catholicism (instead of the  Arian  form of Christianity practiced by many Germanic peoples) would prove a landmark development for the Frankish nation.Also Known As: Chlodwig, ChlodowechBorn: c. 466Parents: Clovis was the son of the Frankish king Childeric and the Thuringian queen BasinaDied: Nov. 27, 511Spouse: Clotilda Occupations KingMilitary Leader Places of Residence and Influence EuropeFrance Important Dates Became the ruler of Salian Franks: 481Takes Belgica Secunda: 486Marries Clotilda: 493Incorporates territories of the Alemanni: 496Gains control of Burgundian lands: 500Acquires parts of Visigothic land:  507Baptized  as a Catholic (traditional date): Dec. 25,  508 About Clovis Clovis succeeded his father as ruler of the Salian Franks in 481. At this time he also had control of other Frankish groups around present-day Belgium. By the time of his death, he had consolidated all the Franks under his rule. He took control of the Roman province of Belgica Secunda in 486, the territories of the Alemanni in 496, the lands of the Burgundians in 500, and portions of Visigothic territory in 507. Although his Catholic wife Clotilda ultimately convinced Clovis to convert to Catholicism, he was interested, for a time, in Arian Christianity and was sympathetic to it. His own conversion to Catholicism was personal and not a mass conversion of his peoples (many of whom were already Catholic), but the event had a profound influence on the nation and its relationship to the papacy. Clovis convoked a national Church council at Orlà ©ans, in which he participated significantly. The Law of the Salian Franks (Pactus Legis Salicae) was a written code that most likely originated during the reign of Clovis. It combined customary law, Roman law, and royal edicts, and it followed Christian ideals. Salic Law would influence French and European law for centuries. The life and reign of Clovis were chronicled by Bishop Gregory of Tours more than half a century after the death of the king. Recent scholarship has revealed some errors in Gregorys account, but it still stands as an important history and biography of the great Frankish leader. Clovis died in 511. His kingdom was divided among his four sons:  Theuderic  (born to a pagan wife before he wed Clotilda),  and his three sons by Clotilda,  Chlodomer,  Childebert, and  Chlotar. The name Clovis would later evolve into the name Louis, the most popular name for French kings. Clovis Resources Clovis in Print Clovis, King of the Franks by John W. CurrierBiography from Ancient Civilizations by Earle Rice Jr. Clovis on the Web Clovis: Fairly extensive biography by Godefroid Kurth at the Catholic Encyclopedia.The History of the Franks by Gregory of Tours: Abridged translation by Earnest Brehaut in 1916, made available online at Paul Halsalls Medieval Sourcebook.The Conversion of Clovis: Two accounts of this significant event are offered at Paul Halsalls Medieval Sourcebook.

AUSTRALIAN ABORIGINAL EDUCATION Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

AUSTRALIAN ABORIGINAL EDUCATION - Essay Example Usage of incentives and rewards for student and teacher motivation, special programmes for backlog students and higher involvement of community and parents are also important for developing positive self concept among the aboriginal students. Research based school improvement projects like CTF (Creating The Future) developed by Northwest Regional Educational Library, U.S.A have to be implemented for better learning process in aboriginal students in Australia. The teaching process involves more flexibility while delivering the message to aboriginal students. With the change in time, the necessity of aboriginal students will vary and hence it should allow the education in more flexible manner by incorporating new principles. By adding diversified aspects like student self concept, rural and urban mix up, cultural and social aspects, effective audio-video aids, and student specific needs these strategies would certainly help the teacher of indigenous students to deliver a better job. Similarly, the encouragement given to the teachers in the form of incentives and selection of experienced and native teachers enhance the efficiency of teaching aboriginal students in Australia. Moreover, these strategies will provide a wider platform for teachers of indigenous students in understanding the needs and problems of students and formulating contextual class room teaching methods and hence they will be successful in generating positive educational e xperience among aboriginal communities in Australia. FN 1: Kathleen Cotton. 1993. Building Positive Student Self-Concept. Stevenson-Carson School District. Stevenson, Washington. North West Regional Educational Library. http://www.nwrel.org/scpd/sirs/7/snap25.html. FN 2: Lester Irabinna. 2001. Rigney Building Stronger Communities: Indigenous Australian Rights In Education and Language. Voice of the

Storylinejournal entry Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Storylinejournal entry - Assignment Example There is also the presentation of both genders of the audience that signifies unity of purpose in the meeting. There is also the separation of the audience into two key groups that shows that the meeting might have involved all rank of people in the state. The podium where Charles Lindbergh gave his speech has a writing termed â€Å"Defend America Fist.† This writing symbolized the petition launched by America First Committee aimed at implementing the Neutrality Act of 1939 and compelling President F. D. Roosevelt to honour his pledge of keeping the country out of the war (Charles Lindbergh Foundation, 2014, p. 1). America First Committee pushed for American defense by opposing the Atlantic Charter, the convoying of ships, as well as the placement of an economic pressure on Japan. The display of two doves in the photograph depicted the theme of the rally that centered on peace and preparedness. As a result, Lindbergh gave a speech that significantly criticized all the movements that he perceived as promoters of America into the war. There can also be seen a flag of the America First Committee that centered on peace for the American people. The photograph was taken in 1941 and shows a woman repairing a war radio. The woman presented wears an official uniform of the corps. This presentation signifies that the task performed by the woman was one of the official duties performed by the women corps during the Second World War. The writing â€Å"woman’s place in war† shows that this task of repairing war radios was exclusively left for women who were present for the war (Digital Public Library of America, 2015, p.1). This concept is further facilitated by the bottom most writing that states â€Å"the women’s army corps.† Even though the role was also very significant, it was initiated as a source of contribution of female gender to the war. There is also a portrait of a woman that indicates

EU Law Fundamental Principles of EU Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

EU Law Fundamental Principles of EU Law - Essay Example Therefore, the best way to describe what the decision in the Ratti case is principally about is option b); namely, that the Ratti decision is concerned with when EC Directives can be enforced in national courts. As highlighted above, the ECJ took it as given that Directives are enforceable in national courts as highlighted by the summary of the preliminary ruling in paragraph 1 where the ECJ asserted that â€Å"in cases in which the community authorities have, by means of Directive, placed members states under a duty to adopt a certain course of action, the effectiveness of such an act would be weakened if persons were prevented from relying on it in legal proceedings and national courts prevented from taking it into consideration†. However, in the Ratti decision, the ECJ were concerned with when EC directives can be enforced in national courts as the case involved two directives, with the deadline date for one of the directives not having passed for implementation. This case involved prosecution of Mr Ratti by the Italian Authorities for breaches of national law concerning product labelling and whilst Mr Ratti had complied with two Directives, the expiry for implementation of one had not passed and the court asserted he could only rely the Directive for which the implementation time period had expired provided it was unconditional and sufficiently precise, but not for the Directive whose time period hadn’t expired. In highlighting the right to rely on Directives in national courts, the ECJ asserted in the paragraph 1 summary that â€Å"consequently, a member state which has not adopted the implementing measures required by the Directive in the prescribed periods may not rely, as against individuals on its own failure to perform the obligations which the Directive entails†. Nevertheless, the ECJ highlight in the summary and in the grounds section (paragraphs 20-24) that to be relied on, the Directive must be sufficiently precise and unconditional. Moreover,

Digital Storage Oscilloscope Working Principle

Digital Storage Oscilloscope Working Principle Oscilloscopes are used to measure electric signals to display it as waveforms. Oscilloscope is known as scope and its most common usage is to observe signal. It was invented by Karl Braun in 1897. There are several number oscilloscopes in the market such as digital, analogues, dual beam, mixed signal etc but the main focus on the report is digital storage oscilloscope. A digital oscilloscope is a measuring instrument that uses binary numbers which writes to samples of the voltage.   Digital oscilloscope is affected by bandwidth e.g. as the frequency is increasing the oscilloscope accuracy decreases. Its also affected by sample rate, e.g. The quicker it can sample, the accurate the results are displayed for fast signal. The digital storage oscilloscope (DSO) is of the three digital oscilloscopes but DSO is the conventional form of digital oscilloscope. Its screen is like a computer monitor or TV screen as it uses raster type screen. The operation of the digital storage oscillos cope is pretty simple, The first stage the signal enters within the scope is the vertical amplifier where some analogue signal conditioning is undertaken to scale and position the waveform. Next this signal is applied to an analogue to digital converter (ADC).(www.Radio-electronics.com). The DSO is easy to set up. The digital storage oscilloscope has many controls, e.g. Switch, TIME / DIV, Trigger controls, Intensity and focus, CH I and CH II inputs, VOLTS / DIV etc. The DSO in comparison with Digital Phosphor Oscilloscope has less bandwidth, less sample rate but same channels etc. Aims: To understand the basics about digital storage oscilloscope To be able to operate an digital storage oscilloscope To be able to set-up an oscilloscope To be able understand   the designs of digital storage oscilloscope To be able to understand advantages and disadvantages of different types of oscilloscope Introduction: Oscilloscopes are measuring equipment which displays electric waveforms on a screen like a small Television.   An oscilloscope is known as CRO, DSO, scope or an O-scope. Its common usage is to observe wave shapes of signal. There are four sections in an oscilloscope: the vertical and horizontal controls trigger controls and finally the display screen (the screen consists of cathode ray tube).   The research on oscilloscope has been done through books, internet, magazines etc. Karl Braun was the inventor of oscilloscope in 1897 (http://inventors.about.com/od/bstartinventors/a/Karl_Braun.htm). The main sector oscilloscopes used in are engineering, medicine, telecommunications and science. In October 2010 Tektronix Inc manufacturer of oscilloscopes discovered that Series of digital and mixed signal oscilloscopes that now deliver 100 GS/s sampling rate performance. This enables lower noise along with increased data points on 5x oversampled 20 GHz acquisitions (http://www.pr log.org/11013155-tektronix-raises-bar-for-oscilloscope-sampling-rates-signal-integrity.html) There are several numbers of oscilloscope e.g. digital, analogues, dual beam, mixed signal etc.   This reports main focus will be the design and operating principle of digital storage oscilloscope.   Firstly the report will look into how the oscilloscope works, and then it will follow on to how its designed and finally how to set it up. A digital oscilloscope is a measuring instrument that uses binary numbers which writes to samples of the voltage.   ADC (analogue to digital converter) is used to change the analogue data into digital data then it makes the signal digitally.   For it to be displayed in the screen its then converted back to analogue. A digital oscilloscope has its limitation to performing just like an analogue oscilloscope.   There is a limit to the frequency which it can work up to. The limits of frequency are affected by analog bandwidth front-end section which is known as -3 dB point  and sampling rate of the oscilloscope,  the samples is taken in regular breaks.   When the sample rate is high, the frequency increases on screen.  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚   Factors affecting the frequency of digital oscilloscope: Bandwidth specification Oscilloscope sample rate Bandwidth specification The bandwidth specification determines the frequency range which the scope (oscilloscope) measures accurately in the display. As the frequency is increasing the oscilloscope accuracy decreases. The bandwidth is mainly defined as a drop of 3 decibels (dB) or sensitivity at lower frequency at 0.707. Bandwidth in Hz x rise time in seconds = 0.35. E.g. to resolve an oscilloscope pulses with the rise of 2 nanosecond would have a bandwidth of 700MHz. but for a digital oscilloscope the sampling rate would have to be ten times higher frequency to resolve. E.g. 10megasample/second would measure up to 1 megahertz of signals. Oscilloscope sample Rate The oscilloscope sampling rate indicates on digital oscilloscopes how many samples per second the analog to digital converter can gain. The quicker it can sample, the accurate the results are displayed for fast signal. The maximum sample rate is given by MS/s which is mega samples per second. The minimum sample rate might come in handy if you need to look at signals changing slowly. The sampling rate can be change by the controls (sec/div) on the oscilloscope. Digital storage oscilloscope The digital storage oscilloscope is of the three digital oscilloscopes but DSO is the conventional form of digital oscilloscope. Its screen is like a computer monitor or TV screen as it uses raster type screen. By using the raster screen its helps to display images that fill the whole screen and it may include text on the screen. (Ian P (2004) oscilloscope types [internet]. Available fromhttp://www.radio-electronics.com/info/t_and_m/oscilloscope/oscilloscope_types.php [date accessed 18/10/10]). First you have to store the waveform in the digital format to get the raster type display on screen. As a result of storing the waveform form digitally it can be processed by the oscilloscope or by connecting to a computer. This enables a high degree of processing to be achieved, and the required display provided very easily and often with a very cheap processing platform. It also enables the waveform to be retained indefinitely, unlike the analogue scopes for which the waveform could only be stored for a very limited time. (www.Radio-electronics.com). The operation of the digital storage oscilloscope is pretty simple, The first stage the signal enters within the scope is the vertical amplifier where some analogue signal conditioning is undertaken to scale and position the waveform. Next this signal is applied to an analogue to digital converter (ADC). (www.Radio-electronics.com). The samples are taken at regular intervals. The sampling rate is important because it determines the resolution of the signal. The samples are taken in per second or MS/s (mega sample rate). All the samples are stored within is the oscilloscope as waveform points, and several samples of waveform make up a single waveform point. The overall waveform is stored as a waveform record and its start is governed by the trigger, its finish being determined by the horizontal time base time. (www.Radio-electronics.com). The digital storage oscilloscope is an in the digital format which means there is a signal processor. With having a signal processor it helps to process the signal in different ways, before it passes the display memory and the display. Digital storage oscilloscope www.doctronics.co.uk Controls of digital storage oscilloscope Screen this is where all the waveform signals are displayed by using the X axis and Y axis. www.photoshelter.com Switch to turn ON the oscilloscope and to turn OFF. X-Y control its used to display component characteristic curves. Its mainly used for output position. TV-separation it allows the display to be shown on TV system so it can compare signals different points. TIME / DIV by using this control V/t graph horizontal scale can be changed. Trigger controls it allows the oscilloscope display to be coordinated with the signal you want to look into. Intensity and focus this control is used to change the brightness of the scope by adjusting it. X-POS by using this control the whole V/t graph can be moved side to side. X-MAG horizontal scale of the V/t graph is increased by 10 times in the IN position. CAL outputs -the top terminal gives square wave at 0.2  V peak to peak but the lower terminal gives square wave of 2  V peak to peak at 50 Hz. Component tester A changing voltage is provided by the output socket to allow component characteristic curves to be displayed. Y-POS I and Y-POS II this control allows the resultant outcome to move up or down Invert when its invert the waveform signal on the screen is turned upside down. CH I and CH II inputs using the BNC plugs the signals are connected to the BNC input socket. The smaller socket is called earth or ground. VOLTS / DIV independently the vertical scales for CH I and CH II can be adjusted. DC/AC/GND slide switches In the DC position, the signal input is connected directly to the Y-amplifier of the corresponding channel, CH I or CH II. In the AC position, a capacitor is connected into the signal pathway so that DC voltages are blocked and only changing AC signals are displayed (www.doctronics.co.uk) Trace selection switches settings of control switches for oscilloscope screen. How to set up an oscilloscope First you warm up the oscilloscope by switching it on. At this stage do not connect any input leads. Select the DC/AC/GND switch to DC (the Y-input) Select the X-Y/SWP to SWP (sweep) Put the trigger level to AUTO Select the trigger source to INT (the Y input, internal) Put 5V/cm at the Y-AMPLIFIER Put the TIMEBASE to 10ms/cm Select 1 or Cal for the time base VRIABLE control. to map out the middle of the screen adjust the Y-SHIFT (up/down) and X SHIFT (left/right) to brighten up the focus adjust the INTENSITY and FOCUS now the oscilloscope is ready to go http://www.kpsec.freeuk.com/cro.htm Digital storage oscilloscope Digital Phosphor Oscilloscope 100  MHz 200  MHz bandwidth 500 MHz, 300 MHz, 100 MHz bandwidth 2  GS/s Real time sample rate 5 GS/s sample rate 2 or 4 Channels 2 or 4 Channels It rapidly documents and examines Measurement. Its results with OpenChoice ® Software or Integrated CompactFlash ® Mass Storage 21 Automatic Measurements FFT Standard on All Models FFT for Frequency and Harmonic Analysis Advanced Triggers to Quickly Capture the Event of Interest Advanced Triggers, such as, Glitch, Width, and Logic Full VGA Color LCD on all Models Multi-Language User Interface Built-in Floppy Disk Drive for Easy Storage and Documentation Quick Menu User Interface Mode for Quick, Easy Operation Traditional, Analog-style Knobs and Multilanguage User Interface for Easy Operation 9-bit Vertical Resolution Quick Setup and Operation with Auto set Menu, Auto range, Waveform and Setup Memories, and Built-in, Context-sensitive Help Telecommunications Mask Testing (TMT) Backlit Menu Buttons for High Visibility Extended Video Application Module 11 of the Most Critical Automatic Waveform Measurements Support for Active Probes, Differential Probes, and Current Probes that Provide Automatic Scaling and Units 8 Hours of Continuous Battery Operation with Two Batteries Installed, Hot Swappable for Virtually Unlimited Freedom from AC Line Power Optional Power Application Software offers the Broadest Range of Power Measurements at its Price Point Digital Phosphor Oscilloscope http://infrared.als.lbl.gov/content/PDF/equipment/Tektronix_TDS3052_Data_Sheet.pdf Digital storage oscilloscope http://www2.tek.com/cmswpt/psdetails.lotr?ct=pscs=psuci=13304lc=EN

Social Stratification Essays -- Papers

Inequalities exist in all types of human society. Even in the simplest cultures where variations in wealth or property are non-existent, there are inequalities between individuals, men and women, the young and the old. A person may have a higher status than others because of a particular prowness at hunting, for instance, or because he or she is believed to have special access to the ancestral spirits. To describe inequalities, sociologists speak of Social Stratification. Social Stratification lies at the core of society and of the discipline of sociology. Social inequality is a fundamental aspect of virtually all-social processes and a person's position in the stratification system is the most consistent predictor of his/her behaviour, attitudes, and life chances. "Social Stratification is a characteristic of society, not simply a reflection of individual differences." Social Stratification persists over generations. Social Stratification is universal but not variable. It involve s not only inequality but also beliefs. 'It is useful to think of stratification as rather like the geological layering of rock in the earth's surface,' Societies can be seen as consisting of 'strata' in a hierarchy, with the more favoured at the top and the less privileged at the bottom." If we look back at the year 1912, when the Titanic sank, we can make a connection with social inequality for the way people lived back then. When we watched the blockbuster hit in 1997, we were shown how much of an impact that social inequality had on the lower class passengers. Women and children had the highest survival rate. Those who held a first class ticket, more than 60% of those survived because their cabins were on the upper decks. Only 1/3 of the third cla... ...ibility, and however imperfectly measured in the existing social classification. Of course, we recognise that in contemporary society, people are less likely spontaneously to describe their own experiences in the language of class. They search for more direct and specific determinants of their life chances to put alongside their recognition of class, and they recognise the independent part played by age, gender, and ethnicity. We do not, then, live in a 'classless' society, though we do live in a society whose members no longer spontaneously and unambiguously use the language of class as the obvious, taken-for-granted way of describing social inequalities. Class is not dead, but perhaps the monolithic social imagery of class has, indeed, had its day. It is this, which makes our society a functional one, and what will help shape it to be a stronger one in the future.

Why is the Golden Age of Policing’ such a potent myth in British society?

The Golden Age of policing refers to a time when things were apparently better. We have all heard elders in our society talk of the good old days when none of today's atrocities happened: when the police did a better job, when there weren't as many criminals. However how true is the myth of the Golden Age? In order to examine this myth it is crucial to look at the police and their roles back in the 1940s and 50s and compare it to their roles today and also look at society and their view of the police. There is lots of historical evidence available to us about the police and how it has formed since, in particular the 18th Century. This evidence is based on original documentation from the time and gives us an accurate account, however we can only interpret and construct the history, as there is nobody alive to tell us otherwise. The so-called Golden Age is within living memory and we only have to use the evidence, to tell us of the time, but we can also ask people who were there. These people can compare current policing to the Golden Age and in contrast an age of better times is created. This works with other issues not only policing. Police roles in Britain remained fairly static from the early 19th Century to the 1960s. The police had four main functions, the first being Crime Prevention, to prevent crime before it began. Policing was visible and unmilitary. Crime Detection was a function that involved the apprehension and prosecution of criminals. It did not really involve detection, as this was a low priority function because there was paranoia about spies. Detection involved invisible policing in contrast to the visible policing of crime prevention. The third function was that of Public Order, which dealt with rioting. This was a variable function as public order was stable within society. The last function was the service role. The service role was an important part of policing at the time as the police did many other jobs including tax collection, auxiliary firemen and licensee inspections. The police provided cheap labour for society and were a huge part of community life. The role of the police changed with the introduction of The Police Act 1964. The structure of the police also changed and the tripartite relationship was put in place, which is still seen today. The main roles of the police have changed slightly and now include crime prevention, crime detection, the service role and a range of special units that have become more important than the public order role. Special units within the police include units such as the Drugs Squad, Fraud Squads and public order squads like riot control and armed police. It is said that these specialist units have had an influence in the decline of the service role. Officers do not spend as much time dealing with low level crime, as they are unable to solve this type of crime and so instead concentrate on high impact crime. The police moved away from the service role as professionalism was introduced and a move was made from the amateur unskilled labourer to a professional employee who in turn was paid well. To join the police became a career. Policing today in comparison to the Golden Age is seen as distant and remote. Policing in modern times has become technological. The use of mobile phones and walkie-talkies has increased efficiency within the police. The police drive round in cars and are hardly seen in some areas. Other areas do have a police presence but it is not always welcome. The police are now more readily armed and use deadly force if needed. In recent years even this year innocent people have been shot and killed by the police. Policing has become bureaucratic and this has caused limited results. Policing has become ruled by administration and paperwork and sees police officers spending most of their time in police stations. In the 1940s and 50s policing was seen as very benevolent. They were members of a community who were well natured and well mannered, they lived within the locality and were seen as non-confrontational. There was an apparent use of minimal force. They didn't carry arms and the local bobby was seen with nothing other than his truncheon. Society at the time was in a state of stability and the public order role of police was very minimal. Policing was seen as un-technological. They didn't have the use of cars or mobiles and the local bobby was visible walking or on a bike. Policing was something that was good. To examine this view we must first analyse people's attitudes at the time. During the Second World War people were used to figures of authority and they were used to discipline. There was social cohesion, as people seemed to know their place in society. People didn't move about the country as they do today and it was usual to be born and die in the same area. Britain was in a state of economic stability, there was full employment and people seemed happy. The police as figures of authority were respected and put on a pedestal. A survey called Exploring the English Character, conducted by Geoffrey Gorer in 1955 found the public to think, â€Å"The police represent an ideal model of behaviour and character†. (Reiner 1989) The policing of the time seems somewhat idyllic. What is not mentioned is that for the police this era was not necessarily a good one. The job of policeman was not seen as a career at the time. It was a semi skilled job that had a very low wage and this did not get better until the 1970s. Police malpractice in the form of corruption was wide spread through out the force and there were a number of police scandals involving Chief Constables. (Emsley). The Chief Constable of Worcester was imprisoned for fraud and the Chief Constable for Cardigan was disciplined for not administering his force correctly. The Chief Constable for Nottingham was suspended and later acquitted but damage had been done to the police already. (Wall) Recorded crime was on the increase and there were race riots in Nottingham. British society was becoming a consumer society and there was a huge increase in car ownership. This in turn gave the police new duties in traffic control. The police began to have anxieties about the public. (Reiner 2000) In 1960 this malpractice led to the Royal Commission on policing. It is worth noting that to have a Royal commission something must have been wrong in the first place. The media have their own part to play in the representation of the police at the time. There was minimal media coverage and Dixon Of dock Green was the fictional policeman that covered the television screens. He was the perfect friendly local policeman that helped the community and was even kind to the local villains. Unlike today where our screens are inundated with police programmes from â€Å"The Bill† to the fly on the wall police documentaries where the police are portrayed in both good and bad lights. Today the police are seen more as Robocop than Dixon who would wade in with guns and bombs rather than a truncheon. Today's police are constantly in the public eye and because of this the public are more aware of what actually goes on within the police. In conclusion the Golden Age is a myth in British society as there is little evidence that it was better. (Wilson) Policing in the 1950s was different from what it is today but that is expected of anything in life, it cannot stay the same. The Golden age was based on blind faith and ignorance of what policing involved at a harmonious time. In today's age we are confronted with growing concerns of crime from terrorism to drug trafficking which have not been seen in such large scales in this century. Public attitudes to the police have changed and so have the attitudes of those that work in the police. Public confidence has declined due to the rising crime rates that have soared due to cultural, social and economic factors and the increase in reporting and scandals within the police, however the police are in a better state today than before. (Downes and Morgan in Maguire 2002). The Golden Age myth will continue and in fifty years time the Golden Age will be replaced with a new one that is constructed by law-abiding citizens of the police of today.

A review of Four Letters of Love by Niall Williams essays

A review of Four Letters of Love by Niall Williams essays William Coughlin a grey and boring civil servant , with his wife Bette and son Nicholas, lives a mundane predictable existence in a boring city suburb. . "My father in a grey suit coming in the front door from the office in the fog of a November evenings, the brief case flopping by the telephone table, the creak in the stairs and across the ceiling above the kitchen as he changes into a cardigan and comes down for his tea". His only difference was that he painted and Nicholas was proud of the WC that was his mark in the corner of the pictures. Bette's life was centred on the household. But out of the blue William shatters the security and pattern of this existence by announcing to his family that God wanted him to paint full time. The family are thrown into turmoil - "God had moved in overnight". William abandoned his family and his secure life and took to the wilds of Ireland to paint. Meanwhile life for Nicholas and Bette became empty and poor. "An Elephant came into our house". On a remote island off Galway, Muiris Gore , the island teacher lives with his wife Margaret and their children Isobel and Sean. The "powers" helps Muiris to get through each day. Margaret is in the valley of the squinting windows always keeping an eye on the neighbour. His children Isobel, an intelligent sensitive girl and Sean, a gifted musician, are their parents pride and joy. On the edge of the cliffs Isobel and Sean become alive and free and express their energy in dancing and singing. Then one day God touches their lives. Sean has an attack that leaves him without speech or movement. Isobel feels guilty about her brothers illness and blames herself. Tragedy and misfortune strike both families. Nicholas' mother dies of sadness and depression. Nicholas and William soldier on together but sadly William too has a tragic end. Nicholas looses his interest in his job and his life and is driven by a quest to find a paining of his fathers that ...

The Medias 5 Most Tired Asian American Stereotypes

The Medias 5 Most Tired Asian American Stereotypes Asian Americans are the fastest-growing racial group in the United States, but in Hollywood, theyre often invisible or subject to old, tired stereotypes. Stereotypes in the media are especially harmful given that the Asian American community is woefully underrepresented on the large and small screen alike. â€Å"Only 3.8 percent of all television and theatrical roles were portrayed by Asian Pacific Islander actors in 2008, compared to 6.4 percent portrayed by Latino actors, 13.3 percent portrayed by African Americans and 72.5 percent portrayed by Caucasian actors,† according to the Screen Actors Guild. Because of this imbalance, Asian American actors have few opportunities to counteract sweeping generalizations about their racial group. In reality, Asian Americans are far more than the geeks and geishas Hollywood would have you believe. Dragon Ladies Since the days of early Hollywood, Asian American women have played â€Å"dragon ladies.† These female characters tend to be physically attractive but domineering and underhanded. Ultimately, they can’t be trusted. Chinese-American actress Anna May Wong played a series of these roles in the 1920s and contemporary actress Lucy Liu has more recently been accused of popularizing the stereotype. Wong temporarily left the United States to act in European films where she could escape being typecast as a dragon lady in Hollywood films. â€Å"I was so tired of the parts I had to play,† Wong explained in a 1933 interview quoted by the Los Angeles Times. â€Å"Why is it that the screen Chinese is nearly always the villain of the piece, and so cruel a villain- murderous, treacherous, a snake in the grass? We are not like that. †¦ We have our own virtues. We have our rigid code of behavior, of honor. Why do they never show these on the screen? Why should we always scheme, rob, kill?† Kung Fu Fighters When Bruce Lee became a superstar in the U.S. after the success of his 1973 film â€Å"Enter the Dragon,† the Asian American community largely took pride in his fame. In the film, Lee wasn’t portrayed as a buck-toothed imbecile, as Asian Americans had been portrayed in films such as â€Å"Breakfast at Tiffany’s.† Instead, he was strong and dignified. But before long, Hollywood began to portray all Asian Americans as martial arts experts. â€Å"So now the flipside of stereotyping is that every Asian American actor is expected to know some form of martial arts,† Tisa Chang, director of the Pan Asian Repertory Theatre in New York, told ABC News. â€Å"Any casting person will say, ‘Well, do you do some martial arts?’† Since Bruce Lee’s death, Asian performers such as Jackie Chan and Jet Li have become stars in the U.S. due to their martial arts backgrounds. Geeks Asian Americans are often portrayed as geeks and technical whizzes. Not only does this stereotype surface in television shows and films but also in commercials. The Washington Post has pointed out that Asian Americans are often portrayed as technologically savvy people in ads for corporations such as Verizon, Staples, and IBM. â€Å"When Asian Americans appear in advertising, they typically are presented as the technological experts- knowledgeable, savvy, perhaps mathematically adept or intellectually gifted,† the Post reported. â€Å"They’re most often shown in ads for business-oriented or technical products- smartphones, computers, pharmaceuticals, electronic gear of all kinds.† These commercials play on existing stereotypes about Asians being intellectually and technologically superior to Westerners. Foreigners Although people of Asian descent have lived in the United States since the 1800s, Asian Americans are often portrayed as perpetual foreigners. Like Latinos, Asians in television and film often speak accented English, suggesting that they’re recent immigrants to the country. These portrayals ignore that the United States is home to generation after generation of Asian Americans. They also set up Asian Americans to be stereotyped in real life. Asian Americans often complain about how often they get asked, â€Å"Where are you from- originally?† or complimented for speaking good English when they’ve spent their entire lives in the United States. Prostitutes Asian women have routinely been featured as prostitutes and sex workers in Hollywood. The line â€Å"Me love you long time,† spoken by a Vietnamese sex worker to U.S. soldiers in the 1987 film â€Å"Full Metal Jacket,† is arguably the most famous cinematic example of an Asian woman willing to sexually debase herself for white men. â€Å"There we have the promiscuous API woman stereotype: The one in which the Asian woman wants to have sex, willing to do anything, with the white man,† wrote Tony Le in Pacific Ties magazine. â€Å"The stereotype has taken many forms, from Lotus Blossom to Miss Saigon.† Le said that 25 years of â€Å"me love you long time† jokes endure. According to the TV Tropes website, the Asian prostitute stereotype dates back to the 1960s and ’70s, when U.S. military involvement in Asia heightened. In addition to â€Å"Full Metal Jacket,† films such as â€Å"The World of Suzie Wong† notoriously featured an Asian prostitute whose love for a white man is unrequited. â€Å"Law Order: SVU† also routinely depicts Asian women as prostitutes and mail-order brides.

Challenge of leading a diverse workforce Assignment

Challenge of leading a diverse workforce - Assignment Example Diversity maximization in most companies, have become a significant role to play for the management to date. Researchers have reported that there is a higher prospect to a significant increase in adaptability to diversity in years to come (Noe, 2012 p. 34). For an organization to be rendered successful, it has to recognize the urgency of taking remedial action and be willing to put in a lot of effort in diversity management. In recent years, most organizations have consistently faced immense challenges in leading a diverse workforce. The human resource professional s in many companies has been confronted with a lot of setbacks which they have to address at workplace. Communication barriers among employees in an organization are one of the major challenges to diversity. Workers find it difficult to understand one another especially is they are from different countries of origin (Gordon & Whit, 2010 p.56). For instance, an employee from United Kingdom might find it difficult to interac t with a fellow employee from Germany who doesn’t understand English properly. ... A large populace of employees has failed to accept the significant revolution of cultural composition at workplace. Resentment s has accompanied the idea of incorporating people from diverse background and races. Indirect racial discrimination has been evident in organization leading to a poor workers relation. Workers find it uncomfortable relating with their fellow employees from difference race. Others prefer the top management to be composed of individual from a certain race of preference regardless of their skills. For example, in an organization structure composed of many blacks, most workers will prefer their managers to be black for comfort ability (Brislin, 2008 p.45). These conflicts kill the idea of effective management strategy for the best interest of the entire firm. People have resorted to concealing new ideas as a result, which is an impediment to a company’s ‘progress. Religious segregation is another challenge that ought not to be overlooked. Many firms have failed to give freedom to their employees to freely express their cultural beliefs and practices. Subjecting Muslim women to wearing skirts which reach a particular length by management as a dress code portrays unfair treatment. Their norms require full cover of their body. They should be allowed to wear long attire in accordance with their beliefs and practice (Henderson, 1994 p. 21). It has proven to be difficult in implementing diversity at workplace. Advertisement made by organization in media can pose a negative impression to people from different races. Images depicting of only the whites in top management produce a negative impression to some black people who might perceive that the organization does not entertain diversity

Italian luxuries Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Italian luxuries - Research Paper Example Italy has produced famous artists, painters, actors of all time including Leonardo Da Vinci, Amy Adams, and Rose McGowan etc. As far as the fashion is concerned Italy is jam packed with fashion and luxurious houses like Giorgio Armani, Laura Biagiotti, Bottega Veneta, Brioni, Roberto Cavalli, Corneliani, Brunello Cucinelli, Dolce & Gabbana, Dsquared2, Etro, Fendi, Salvatore Ferragamo, Alberta Ferretti, Gucci, Krizia, Loro Piana, Marni, Max Mara, Missoni, Miu Miu, Moschino, Prada, Emilio Pucci, Trussardi, Valentino, Versace, Tods and the list goes on. Italy was into fashion right from the beginning of Renaissance period. Italian fashion is appreciated all across the globe and its fashion shows including Milan Fashion Week is regarded as one of the biggest show in which variety of designers take part to present their fashion skills. Italy, also known as Italian Republic, is situated in the southern Europe so its most of the fashion styles are similar to the other high class fashionable countries of Europe including Germany, France, United Kingdom and Spain. Moreover Milan, Florence and Rome are generally considered to be one of the biggest fashion capitals of the world along with London, Paris and New York. Italian luxuries are not only famous only in Europe but also whole across the globe. One who’s not familiar with Bottega Veneta simple has no right to live according to most of the high class fashion designers of Vicenza. It was founded in 1966 and now comes under the multinational group Kering, formerly known as Gucci Group. It is famous for producing high quality leather goods including fashionable and stylish leather bags, clutches, bracelets, watches and wallets. Bottega Veneta also serve its customers with exquisite fragrances, furniture and home accessories. Versace is one of the leading brands in Italy. It was founded in 1978 by Gianni Versace. Versace serves wide range of ready-to-wear products including bags,

The Impact of Globalization on the UAE and Dubai During The Last Essay

The Impact of Globalization on the UAE and Dubai During The Last Decade - Essay Example This paper demonstrates that globalization has been an integral part in the economic growth of the Dubai. Globalization influenced economic, political and social advancements in the region. The impact of globalization on the UAE and Dubai is considered positive over the last years. Dubai, which is one of the wealthiest member countries in the Middle East, has benefited from globalization. Globalization has influenced Dubai significantly because it has increased the foreign investments, encouraged domestic investment and even stimulated free trade with other countries. Dubai has for a long time enjoyed global economic success since the discovery of oil and gas deposits. Before the oil and gas, Dubai was just a poor desert country but since the discovery of the resources, its market changed rapidly. However, oil is a resource that does not exist forever and one day all the oil resources will run out. However, thanks to globalization, the economic situation in Dubai will still remain stable and continue to enjoy dominance in the global market. The flourishing real estate business and industrial development is because of globalization. Globalization has opened up the country not only on foreign trade but also on import and export market. Globalization has resulted to openness of the country that has its negative impact on culture and tradition. The government must be able to manage the foreign investment flow to have a stable economy. It should be stated, that globalization is not a solution to every economic situation in a country.

College Initiative Essay Example for Free

College Initiative Essay Many people have goals and dreams they would love to achieve in life. My goal is to go into the medical field and become a professional in veternarian medicine. But the only way I can do that is to further my education, have proof of how focus and determined I am about what I want to be in life. My mother always said if you really want something in life strive for it. Dont let someone deprive you of what you want. So here I am in college trying to better myself for my future, because in reality what most people do not know is that they need to go to college if you really want to really support themselves, make a better living. The longer you stay in college the higher the degree, the higher the degree the higher your pay will be. In my family education was always stressed upon me and my brothers, because my parents didnt want us to struggle our whole life living from paycheck to paycheck like many people before us. That is why I am trying to be better than that. I want to beat the statistic, I want to prove to myself, the world that I am not just another number, that I will be able to choose my own future without being so limited in choices. My plans as a student of Saint Johns River State Community College is to receive the highest possible grades, and make the Deans List, so that way at the end of my two years at Saint Johns River State College, when I graduate with my AA degree, I can further my education onto other colleges such as forsay my dream college University of South Florida. They will see that I am not like the rest that I am my own individual who strives for the best of what the world has to offer. How I see it is if you do not go to college, have some form of document, then it is just going to be harder to find an actual decent job. Take for instance, one of my passions in life is music if I were to want to go pursue music and make it something major, the chances of me making it, becoming famous are high, but the chances of me staying famous are slim. Because so many people would want it as much as I do. But if you get a education, an actual filed document showing proof that you know what your doing and that your a very serious individual then you will stand out from the rest, and most likely stay in the lime light. College has so many oportunities. Since I want to major in veternarian medicine the requirements I will need are many certain sciences and many maths. And in college they offer to the classes I need to reach my goal. I personally do not see college as a chore but as a tool to reach where I need to be in life, and others, so why not take advantage of what is offered? Many people think that college is just a bunch of unnecessary work, when in reality the things that are learned in the books are basic knowledge you need in your everyday life. Jobs use basic knowledge from your eduacation all the time, and if you do not have basic educaton knowlegde then how do you suppose you survive in the real world? That is why goal is to stay in college for an estimate of eight years, and gain the knowledge I need to survive in the real world. My hopes and dreams by the end of my college life is that I will become representative, set a good example to people all the people who are around my age, that anything is possible if you put your mind to it. Striving for the best for yourself and going infinity and beyond with it, will help you become more independent and well rounded as a person. My love and compassion for animals is what keeps me determined to accomplish what others might say is the impossible but to me is just another task on my list.

Strengths and weaknesses of food and beverage company Kraft Foods

Strengths and weaknesses of food and beverage company Kraft Foods INTRODUCTION Kraft Foods Inc. is the largest foods and beverage company in US and the world second largest industry which is after Nestle. Kraft had been offered consumers delicious and wholesome foods for more than 100 years. Kraft Foods headquarter is in North America. Kraft Foods has many of the best-known brands in the world with operations in 72 countries and sales in 155 countries. Kraft Foods has 140,000 diverse employees around the world and this is one of the reasons why they can succeed. Kraft Foods Inc. is a company which has different roots and founders. The three most successful food entrepreneurs are J.L. Kraft, who started his Chinese business in 1930; C.W. Post, who founded Postum Cereal Company in 1895; and Oscar Mayer, who began his meat business in 1883. Kraft Foods Malaysia was established in the year of 1959 in Malaysia and started with Tyre Hong Biscuit and Confectionary factory. Kraft Foods manufacturing in Malaysia and the factories located at Johor Bahru and Penang. VISION, MISSION AND GOAL Krafts company vision is to lend a helping hand to the people all around the world in order to have a better life and a healthy life-style. Krafts vision is satisfy consumer needs and making healthier foods. Kraft deliver the message to the customers that they concern about the health and wellness of everyone and wanted to provide high quality food and services. Kraft mission is to remain successful in the long-run. Constantly re-strategize the products categories to satisfy the needs of consumers is necessary for Kraft to operate in the future. Seize the opportunity to exploit sales capabilities by coming up with different marketng strategies Krafts corporate goals is to ensure that the products are innovative, high-quality, safe to consume, respectful to environmental needs, and the openness and integrity which seek to commit to the consumers TYPE OF PRODUCT Krafts products are divided into five categories which are grocery, beverages, cheese dairy, snacks cereals, and convenient meals. The well known brands that Kraft have in Malaysia includes Oreo, Jacobs, Chipsmore, Twisties and so on. MARKET SEGMENTATION Every consumer might have different taste and preferences. Hence, using a same marketing segmentation, which is also known as mass marketing by offering a single marketing mix to all consumers are not able to fulfill the needs and wants of all customers. In addition, the global market are becoming competitive and high customers requirements which is very dificult to satisfy. Therefore, Krafts seperate the operation in two main segments: Kraft North America Commercial and Kraft International Commercial. Besides, Kraft target to the customer who concern with their health and wellness. For example, most of the teenagers do not meet the recommended daily intake for calcium. Kraft then shift out the not-so-healthy snacks advertisement such as Oreo cookies and change to the products which meet new nutritional criteria. Kraft will also add the Sensible Solution label on products in order to transfer the message to all parents that the goods are meeting the nutrition criteria and save to consume. Kraft also doubled the calcium in traditional favourites such as Kraft Singles and Kraft Macaroni Cheese. Krafts business was launched internationally and realised that the consumer behaviour are depends on the local eating and social behaviour due to the particular countrys cultures, practices and traditions. Thus, Kraft always shown respect for different cultures, for example, selling HALAL food in Muslim Countries. Furthermore, in the nuts business, Kraft have more of a skew towards men versus other brands that may have more of a skew toward women. Kraft spend a lot of time to understand all the consumers attitudes, beliefs, etc. For example, Kraft focus on the Hispanic consumer as one of the core consumers of the brands. Hispanic consumer preference the brands like Oreo and Chips Ahoy. Kraft marketing will be customized around the insights for the different consumers. STRENGTHS Kraft is a multinational company and having the capability to attract consumer all over the world compare to the local companies. Besides of high market share and financial power, Kraft also has greater financial capability in altering existing products in terms of packaging, the formula of the particular product and others or creating new products, as well as to adapt or upgrade latest information system technology in manufacturing, order processing and other related fields in order to sustain their competitive advantage by delivering lower cost of goods and services than their competitors in this dynamic environment. Secondly, Kraft has an effective strategic marketing capability. For example, Kraft products such as Oreo cookies have built a strong and stable patent in many countries. Although Oreo has many competitors such as Cream-O, whereas the strong advertisements have indoctrinated most of the people that Krafts Oreo is the products of origin. Kraft iconic heritage brands are loved by the consumers worldwide. Around 80 percent of these heritage brands holding number one or two positions in the respective categories and are household names. Besides, Kraft also has great leadership attributes. The management team such as the top executives, branch managers, and others are responsible for the day-to-day operations and success of the company. The management group has extensive food industry experience and management depth. PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS Kraft Food company faces serious problem in the production sector. Kraft is not able to control the supply of the production. This is due to a sudden and unexpected increased in demand, which will cause extreme supply shortages for commodities that will result in major price increases. For instance, bad weather and natural disasters have always been an issue affecting incoming raw materials. The main problem is the shortage of raw material, Cocoa. Cocoa is a major ingredient for Kraft. Cocoa always used in the production of chocolates, cookies, desserts and others. Because of the importantly of cocoa, therefore, consistency of supply, in terms of price, quality and volume is the main consideration for Kraft. Kraft wants to improve the welfare of cocoa farmers and farm communities in order to maintain the long-term stability of the cocoa supply chain. West Africa is the country that produces seventy percent of cocoa among the world. Unfortunately, farmers face many challenges because of poverty. They do not have adequate infrastructure, lack of the educational opportunities and have only little investment in cocoa farming. These challenges are so complex, requiring the coordinated effort from the local government, industry and other organizations. In addition, this will cause Kraft to encounter a great loss due to the inaccuracy of supply because the farmers could not produce the actual quality and quantity of cocoa. In orders to resolve this problem, Kraft Foods is working as part of the coordinated effort to help to maintain the supply of cocoa. Kraft believes that to improve farmers income can solve these problems and also promoting efficiency effectiveness in the supply chain, quality and productivity. Kraft also works with the non-governmental organizations and industry partners in order to help cocoa farmers and their families. Krafts reaching out to governments and supports the programs that giving education to farmers and promote responsible farm practices. Kraft primary focus is in West Africa, while Kraft also is a member of cocoa sustainability programs in Latin America. Kraft wanted to empower cocoa farmers, their families and communities in order to build better lives for themselves while this can make sure that Kraft is able to maintain an adequate supply of quality cocoa for the generations to come. RECOMMENDATIONS There are some suggestion which can be considered by Kraft to solve the problem of inconsistency and shortage of raw materials. Firstly, Kraft can increase the safety stock level. Safety stock is the quantity of stock which can be used to satisfy unexpectedly high requirements in the stock out period. The purpose of the safety stock is to prevent the occurred of material shortage whereas usually will not be used in production. Therefore, Kraft might need to increase the safety stock in order to avoid the risk of shortage or back order which may incur higher costs. Safety stock can also help to lower down the customer turnover rate. In order to determine the accurate safety stock level, Krafts manufacturing department can implement the Manufacturing Require Planning II (MRP-II) system. MRP-II is an integrated information system used by businesses to centralize, integrate and process information for effective decision making. The function of MRP-II includes business planning, productio n planning and scheduling, order processing, and performance measurement and so on. With the help of MRP-II, Kraft can improve the production process by reduced the inventory level, improved the used of manufacturing facilities, response faster in changing conditions and so on. This will increase the competitive advantage of Kraft to compete with the competitor. Besides, Kraft can engage with multiple suppliers or dealers in particular region, so they could acquire inventories from multiple dealers, which will definitely decrease the risk of shortage due to incontrollable situation. Other than that, mutual trust and strong relationship with all the dealers are needed in order to increase the flexibility of material supply management, as well as to enhance the bargaining power of Kraft. Lastly, Kraft should also refer to the demand and purchase planning on last couple of years of sales to forecast current year of demand and supply. CONCLUSION Contributing towards a better and healthier society are the cocernstone of Kraft Foods business values and philosophy. In addition, Kraft also study about the consumers needs from time to time and satisfy the consumers as much as possible. Krafts strengths such as high financial power, effective strategic marketing capability and great leadership attributes have helped them through the obstacles. In order to achieve the goal, Kraft might need to solve the problem of the production.